What can trigger a Migraine?

· People first organisations,Health and wellbeing

Migraines can be triggered by a variety of factors, and these triggers can vary from person to person. Here are some common migraine triggers:

1. Stress

Stress is one of the most frequently reported triggers for migraines. It can cause physical and emotional strain, leading to the onset of a migraine1.

2. Hormonal Changes

Fluctuations in hormone levels, particularly in women, can trigger migraines. This is often seen around menstrual periods, pregnancy, and menopause1.

3. Sleep Disturbances

Both lack of sleep and excessive sleep can trigger migraines. Maintaining a regular sleep schedule is crucial for managing migraine symptoms1.

4. Dietary Factors

Certain foods and beverages are known to trigger migraines. Common culprits include:

  • Alcohol (especially red wine)
  • Caffeine (both excessive consumption and withdrawal)
  • Aged cheeses
  • Processed meats (containing nitrates)
  • Chocolate

5. Environmental Factors

Changes in weather, strong smells, bright lights, and loud noises can all act as triggers for migraines3.

6. Physical Factors

Intense physical activity or sudden, vigorous exercise can sometimes trigger migraines3.

7. Dehydration and Hunger

Skipping meals or not drinking enough water can lead to dehydration, which is a common trigger for migraines2.

8. Medications

Certain medications, particularly those that cause blood vessel dilation, can trigger migraines3.

9. Sensory Stimuli

Strong sensory stimuli, such as bright lights, loud sounds, or strong smells, can trigger migraines in some individuals3.

10. Weather Changes

Sudden changes in weather or barometric pressure can also be a trigger for migraines3.

Understanding and identifying your personal triggers can help in managing and preventing migraine attacks. Keeping a migraine diary to track potential triggers and symptoms can be a useful tool.


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